Virtual Livestock fencing

Virtual Livestock Fencing:

Research opportunities for emerging technologies: Potential for mitigating the effects of climate change on western ranches

Western ranches often encounter resource constraints during response and recovery phases, rendering them susceptible to various environmental challenges like droughts, wildfires, floods, and extreme weather. Consequently, CSU researchers have recognized the necessity for technological advancements to enhance monitoring and control of livestock movement in these regions.

This pilot project investigated the potential of virtual fencing technology facilitated by GPS collars and the implementation of virtual boundaries to reshape range management practices affected by climate change.

Researchers assessed the efficacy of GPS collars on livestock, enabling ranchers to establish programmable virtual boundaries for containing animals. The virtual fencing collars acted as one-way gates, offering customizable boundaries to confine livestock to desired areas as needed by farmers.

Who was the Research Team?

Warner College of Natural Resources

Paul Evangelista

Tony Vorster

College of Agricultural Sciences

Dana Hoag

Lily Edwards-Callaway

CSU Extension

Olivia Clark

What did they do?

In this pilot project, researchers evaluated the efficacy of GPS collars with virtual boundaries across 15 ranches situated in Colorado, South Dakota, Montana, Washington, and Utah. Animals wearing these collars, programmed with virtual boundaries, were alerted with a warning sound upon nearing the boundary. If the initial warning failed and the animal persisted toward the boundary, it received a corrective shock, encouraging it to return to the herd.

Interviewing a total of 31 ranches, including 16 that chose not to adopt the technology, researchers analyzed data on non-adoption reasons. They also studied data from early adopters, leading to insights into economic benefits for ranchers and positive environmental impacts. These benefits included redirecting animals away from hazardous areas and enhancing grazing productivity.

Virtual livestock fencing

What did they Find?

Virtual livestock GPS collar
  1. During the winter of 2019-2020, one farm extended cattle grazing economically for an extra month, thereby reducing the hay requirement by 200 tons, translating to savings of $20,000 to $30,000.
  2. Significant reductions were observed in the necessity for wildlife barriers like traditional fencing, known for its high maintenance costs.
  3. Collars effectively minimized interactions between cattle and predators, ensuring the animals’ safety.
  4. The research highlighted economic hurdles faced by farms unable to participate in the initial adoption phase.

Success as a Result of Pilot Efforts

  • $800,000 funding from The Nature Conservancy: Testing applications of Virtual Fencing Technologies for Livestock Management, Range Improvement and Wildlife Conservation in a Semi-Arid Prairie Ecosystem